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Vulnerabilities/CVE-2025-9133Public Intelligence Dossier
Source: zyxel · Limited verification•Last verified: •Collection Degraded
CVE-2025-9133Unknown / EvaluatingHIGH (raw)CVSS 8.1CWE-862

A missing authorization vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware versions from V4.32 through V5.40, USG FLEX series firmware versions from V4.50 through V5.40, USG FLEX 50(W) series firmware versions from V4.16 through V5.40, and USG20(W)-VPN series firmware versions from V4.16 through V5.40 could allow a semi-authenticated attacker—who has completed only the first stage of the two-factor authentication (2FA) process—to view and download the system configuration from an affected device.

Published: 21 Oct 2025•Last updated: 19 Oct 2026, 02:40 AM IST•Source identifier: security@zyxel.com.tw
Dossier completeness: source-provided sections 2 / 3 · rule guidance available. Missing source facts count as incomplete.
Official source
CISA KEV catalog
Unknown
KEV status was not determined.
CVSS score
8.1HIGH (raw)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Metric sourcesecurity@zyxel.com.tw
EPSS probability
5.5%0.055
Percentile93rd
Weakness type
CWE-862
No further CWE recorded
Remediation
Patch status unknown
No fixed version or KB recorded

Why It Matters

Analysis dossier

Why It Matters

A missing authorization vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware versions from V4.32 through V5.40, USG FLEX series firmware versions from V4.50 through V5.40, USG FLEX 50(W) series firmware versions from V4.16 through V5.40, and USG20(W)-VPN series firmware versions from V4.16 through V5.40 could allow a semi-authenticated attacker—who has completed only the first stage of the two-factor authentication (2FA) process—to view and download the system configuration from an affected device.

SOC priority

High

Actively exploited

Unknown

Publicly disclosed

Unknown

Risk basis: SOC ecosystem technology relevance; HIGH severity; No confirmed exploitation signal in current enrichment

Affected Products & Remediation

1 source-backed product
Affected products and versions (source)
  • zyxel zld · >= 4.32 < 5.41; >= 4.50 < 5.41; >= 4.16 < 5.41 · NVD CPE · Source
NVD applicability prerequisites: cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp100w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp500:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp700:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp800:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_100ax:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_100w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*. These are conditions, not proof that an environment is exposed or unaffected.
Recorded patch / KBNot provided by source

Vendor or catalog guidance (source)

Not provided by source

Known exploitation (source facts)

Only what a source states. Unknown means no source has said either way; it is not "not exploited".

CISA KEV
Unknown
Exploited (source statement)
Unknown
Publicly disclosed (source)
Unknown

Suggested hunting (rule-based inference)

SecOps Signal recommendation (rule-based inference). These steps are hunting hypotheses from the vulnerability class; they do not state or imply that exploitation occurred here or anywhere.

Matched authorization-bypass (CWE-862)

Exposure

  1. Locate affected authorization controls and verify deployed versions.Telemetry: Application inventory · The source must identify the affected control. · Rule authorization-bypass

Exploitation evidence

  1. Review privileged operations performed by unexpected users on affected deployments.Telemetry: Application audit logs · Authorization anomalies can support a targeted hunt. · Rule authorization-bypass

Response

  1. Confirm the vendor mitigation and recheck access decisions.Telemetry: Application audit logs · Access testing verifies the local fix. · Rule authorization-bypass

CISA KEV Record

CISA KEV status was not determined for this record.

Change History & Source Data

— No recorded material change

CNA / source
security@zyxel.com.tw
Record status · verification
UPDATED · NVD API
CPE
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zld:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp100w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp500:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp700:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp800:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_100ax:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_100w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Evidence & Provenance

2 public sources
zyxel.comSource recordnvd.nist.govSource record

Linked by the query's stored exact CVE association. Review required tables and validation status before use.

Detection Hunting Query
Target: DeviceTvmSoftwareVulnerabilities•Defender XDR
Detect endpoints exposed to CVE-2025-9133
Purpose: Exposure assessment (Category: Exposure Check)Why linked: Query metadata names CVE-2025-9133
DeviceTvmSoftwareVulnerabilities| where CveId == "CVE-2025-9133"| project DeviceId, DeviceName, OSPlatform, OSVersion, SoftwareVendor, SoftwareName, SoftwareVersion, CveId, VulnerabilitySeverityLevel, RecommendedSecurityUpdate, RecommendedSecurityUpdateId| sort by VulnerabilitySeverityLevel desc
Schema Checked · Not runtime validatedSource: SecOps Signal deterministic template · Limited verificationStatic screening: Passed structure and schema checks; tenant execution is not verified.
Open KQL Library
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Correlated briefings

SecOps Signal surfaces public advisory facts only. A missing value means the source has not published it, not that your environment is unaffected. No tenant inventory is connected.