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Vulnerabilities/CVE-2023-2828Public Intelligence Dossier
Source: isc · Limited verification•Last verified: •Collection Degraded
CVE-2023-2828Unknown / EvaluatingHIGH (raw)CVSS 7.5CWE-770

Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers

Published: 21 Jun 2023•Last updated: 25 Oct 2026, 12:40 AM IST•Source identifier: security-officer@isc.org
Dossier completeness: source-provided sections 2 / 3 · rule guidance available. Missing source facts count as incomplete.
Official source
CISA KEV catalog
Unknown
KEV status was not determined.
CVSS score
7.5HIGH (raw)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Metric sourcesecurity-officer@isc.org
EPSS probability
3.7%0.037
Percentile90th
Weakness type
CWE-770
No further CWE recorded
Remediation
Patch status unknown
No fixed version or KB recorded

Why It Matters

Analysis dossier

Why It Matters

Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit. It has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1.

SOC priority

High

Actively exploited (source statement)

Unknown

Publicly disclosed

Unknown

Risk basis: SOC ecosystem technology relevance; HIGH severity; Source severity; no confirmed exploitation signal

Affected Products & Remediation

9 source-backed products
Affected products and versions (source)
  • isc bind · >= 9.11.0 <= 9.16.41; >= 9.11.3 <= 9.16.41; >= 9.18.0 <= 9.18.15; >= 9.18.11 <= 9.18.15; >= 9.19.0 <= 9.19.13 · NVD CPE · Source
  • debian debian linux · 10.0; 11.0; 12.0 · NVD CPE · Source
  • fedoraproject fedora · 37; 38 · NVD CPE · Source
  • netapp active iq unified manager · version range not provided by source · NVD CPE · Source
  • netapp h500s firmware · version range not provided by source · NVD CPE · Source
  • netapp h700s firmware · version range not provided by source · NVD CPE · Source
  • netapp h410s firmware · version range not provided by source · NVD CPE · Source
  • netapp h410c firmware · version range not provided by source · NVD CPE · Source
  • netapp h300s firmware · version range not provided by source · NVD CPE · Source
NVD applicability prerequisites: cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h500s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h700s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h410s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h410c:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h300s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*. These are conditions, not proof that an environment is exposed or unaffected.
Recorded patch / KBNot provided by source

Vendor or catalog guidance (source)

Not provided by source

Known exploitation (source facts)

Only what a source states. Unknown means no source has said either way; it is not "not exploited".

CISA KEV
Unknown
Exploited (source statement)
Unknown
Publicly disclosed (source)
Unknown

Suggested hunting (rule-based inference)

SecOps Signal recommendation (rule-based inference). These steps are hunting hypotheses from the vulnerability class; they do not state or imply that exploitation occurred here or anywhere.

Matched network-unauthenticated (CVSS AV:N, CVSS PR:N, CVSS UI:N)

Exposure

  1. Identify devices reporting this CVE and note which expose the affected service to untrusted networks.Telemetry: DeviceTvmSoftwareVulnerabilities · A network-reachable, no-privilege vector makes internet-facing instances the first exposure question. · Rule network-unauthenticated

Exploitation evidence

  1. Review inbound connections to the affected service from unexpected sources since the advisory date.Telemetry: DeviceNetworkEvents · Hunting hypothesis from the CVSS vector; it does not show that exploitation occurred. · Rule network-unauthenticated

Response

  1. Confirm the source-stated update is installed and the CVE is no longer reported.Telemetry: DeviceTvmSoftwareVulnerabilities · A follow-up inventory check verifies remediation. · Rule network-unauthenticated

CISA KEV Record

CISA KEV status was not determined for this record.

Change History & Source Data

— No recorded material change

CNA / source
security-officer@isc.org
Record status · verification
UPDATED · NVD API
CPE
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:*:*:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:37:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:38:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:a:netapp:active_iq_unified_manager:-:*:*:*:*:vmware_vsphere:*:*, cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h500s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h500s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Evidence & Provenance

3 public sources
nvd.nist.govSource recordkb.isc.orgSource recordlists.debian.orgSource record

Linked by the query's stored exact CVE association. Review required tables and validation status before use.

Detection Hunting Query
Target: DeviceTvmSoftwareVulnerabilities•Defender XDR
Detect endpoints exposed to CVE-2023-2828
Purpose: Exposure assessment (Category: Exposure Check)Why linked: Query metadata names CVE-2023-2828
DeviceTvmSoftwareVulnerabilities| where CveId == "CVE-2023-2828"| project DeviceId, DeviceName, OSPlatform, OSVersion, SoftwareVendor, SoftwareName, SoftwareVersion, CveId, VulnerabilitySeverityLevel, RecommendedSecurityUpdate, RecommendedSecurityUpdateId| sort by VulnerabilitySeverityLevel desc
Schema Checked · Not runtime validatedSource: SecOps Signal deterministic template · Limited verificationStatic screening: Passed structure and schema checks; tenant execution is not verified.
Open KQL Library

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Correlated briefings

SecOps Signal surfaces public advisory facts only. A missing value means the source has not published it, not that your environment is unaffected. No tenant inventory is connected.